What is Blepharitis?
Blepharitis is a common eye condition that affects millions of people across the UK. Simply put, it's inflammation of the eyelids, particularly along the edges where your eyelashes grow. While it sounds alarming, blepharitis is generally not sight-threatening, though it can be uncomfortable and frustrating to deal with.
What Causes Blepharitis?
The causes of blepharitis are varied and often interconnected. The most common culprit is bacteria that naturally live on your skin and eyelashes. When these bacteria multiply excessively, they can cause irritation and inflammation. Another frequent cause is blocked oil glands in your eyelids. These tiny glands normally produce oils that help keep your tears from evaporating too quickly, but when they become clogged, problems arise.
Certain skin conditions can also trigger blepharitis. If you have seborrhoeic dermatitis (which causes dandruff and scaly patches on your scalp and face) or rosacea (a condition causing facial redness), you're more likely to develop blepharitis. Additionally, allergies, hormonal changes, and even some medications can contribute to the condition.
Recognising the Signs and Symptoms
Blepharitis typically affects both eyes, though one may be worse than the other. The most noticeable signs include red, swollen eyelids that may appear greasy or crusty, especially in the morning. You might notice flakes or scales around your eyelashes, similar to dandruff, or find that your eyelashes fall out more easily than usual.
The symptoms can be quite bothersome. Many people experience a gritty, burning sensation in their eyes, as if sand or dust is irritating them. Your eyes may feel itchy, and you might find yourself rubbing them frequently, which can unfortunately exacerbate the condition. Some people develop sensitivity to light, and your eyes may water excessively or feel unusually dry. Vision can become blurry, particularly in the morning, and you might notice more discharge from your eyes than normal.
Treatment Options
The good news is that blepharitis can usually be managed effectively with proper care. The cornerstone of treatment is good eyelid hygiene.
For cleaning, you can use specialised eyelid cleansers available from pharmacies and your local opticians.
In some cases, your GP or optometrist might recommend antibiotic ointments or drops if bacterial infection is suspected. For more severe cases, oral antibiotics might be prescribed. If dry eyes are a significant problem, artificial tears can provide relief.
When to Seek Professional Help
While blepharitis can often be managed at home, it's important to consult your GP or optometrist if your symptoms persist despite regular cleaning, if you experience severe pain, or if your vision is significantly affected. You should also seek professional advice if you develop a stye or chalazion (lumps on the eyelid), or if you notice any unusual changes in your eyelids or vision.
Remember, proper diagnosis and personalised treatment advice from a healthcare professional will ensure you receive the most appropriate care for your specific situation.